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From there, according to local belief it may have originally gone over the Bernish to Newry. The road is still there all the way to Newtown Cloghogue. In Carrickarnon beyond the turn for Edentubber the original road is still there to the left, but where it comes down to the border would have been quite a large bog then, and Elizabethan records refer to a ‘broken causie’ or causeway there, which must have been quite long and was probably more substantial than a kesh. It followed the line of the Kilnasaggart Road to Baile an Chláir and on down to the Four Mile Water (the Flurry). It then goes into the Gap itself (which was heavily wooded until Mountjoy cut the trees down in 1601) and on to the Three Mile Water, the stream at Kilnasaggart Bridge which was probably wide and boggy and would have been crossed on a kesh (ceis), a causeway made of logs and branches. There is a little road beside Nicholas Arthur’s shop called Doylesfort Road which leads out through the townlands of Annies and Whitemill and swings right at Faughart Shrine. The old road starts at Dowdalls Hill in Dundalk. Apart from outposts at Carrickfergus, Downpatrick/Lecale, Newry and Carlingford, Ulster remained firmly in Irish hands for another 350 years – until O’Neill pulled out of the pass and headed to defeat at Kinsale. They swept throug the Gap with great slaughter and took the north – but they never had the forces to hold it.
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More importantly they had 1000 archers who were the machine-gunners – a good archer could have three arrows in the air at the same time. The first force had just 200 mounted knights but they were the tanks of their day. The Normans arrived in Ireland in 1169 and took the country by storm with vastly superior weaponry and general military skills. From that we derive Moyra which is spelt Moyry in many documents. It was also known as ‘Bealach an Mhaighre’ (road of the salmon) which may be a shortening of some reference to the Three Mile Water. In the Middle Ages the pass was referred to by the Norman English as ‘Imermallane’ which must be an Irish word but the usual Irish term was ‘Bearna Uladh’. Our road which started on the North Antrim coast was known as An Sli Miodhluachra. In ancient times there were five roads leading from different parts of Ireland to the royal seat at Tara. They provied the two major roads north, across the ford on the Erne at Ballyshannon and through the Gap of the North. There are only two major breaks in the Drumlin belt – around the lakes of Fermanagh and the mountains of South Armagh. Through the last 9000 years the drumlins have been a barrier to communications between Ulster and the rest of the country. At least we can now cut through them – in past centuries they were too steep to go over and often too boggy in the dips to go around, particularly in the winter months. Even today it is difficult to build roads in Drumlin country, as you can see along the A1 from Newry to Loughbrickland. The drumlins stretch across the country from Bangor all the way to Mayo. Those heaps are the drumlins, the litte rounded or elongated hills that you can see around Cullyhanna or Poyntzpass. And then it thawed relatively quickly and dumped out all that rock and gravel in regular heaps. Then the ice slowly pulled back northwards but stopped on an east-west line roughly level with us.
#Cloghoge upper fews series#
From 100,000 years ago until about 12,000 years ago Ireland was covered by a series of recurring glaciers which moved back and forth across the country grinding everything down to the bedrock and picking up billions of tonnes of rock and gravel and carrying it off to dump elsewhere in the next thaw. The reason is that before that the ice was a kilometer deep here. We have nothing like that – the earliest signs of human presence here date just to 9,500 years ago. In southern England human remains have been found which are 135,000 years old and much older remains have been found elsewhere in Europe. It has always been one of the most strategic assets in Ireland for the well-known reason that geography determines history. The historical term refers to the road between Faughart Shrine and Kilnasaggart Bridge. Older people use the term to refer to the deep glen on the Ballynamadda Road from Dromintee, just south of the junction with the Tievecrom Road, but its proper name is Gleann Dubh. There has always been some confusion about its exact location. What exactly is the Gap of the North and why does it matter?